Flannel runs a small, single binary agent called flanneld on each host, and is responsible for allocating a subnet lease to each host out of a larger, preconfigured address space. Flannel uses either the Kubernetes API or etcd directly to store the network configuration, the allocated subnets, and any auxiliary data (such as the host's public IP). Packets are forwarded using one of several backend mechanisms including VXLAN and various cloud integrations.

flannel - Network fabric for containers, designed for Kubernetes

OpenFaaS (Functions as a Service) is a framework for building serverless functions with Docker which has first class support for metrics. Any process can be packaged as a function enabling you to consume a range of web events without repetitive boiler-plate coding. 
<ul>
<li>Ease of use through UI portal and one-click install</li>
<li>Write functions in any language for Linux or Windows and package in Docker/OCI image format</li>
<li>Portable - runs on existing hardware or public/private cloud - <a href="https://github.com/openfaas/faas-netes">Kubernetes</a> and Docker Swarm native</li>
<li><a href="http://github.com/openfaas/faas-cli">CLI</a> available with YAML format for templating and defining functions</li>
<li>Auto-scales as demand increases</li>
</ul>

OpenFaaS (Functions as a Service) is a framework for building serverless functions with Docker which has first class support for metrics. Any process can be packaged as a function enabling you to consume a range of web events without repetitive boiler-plate coding.

OpenFaaS - A serverless framework for Docker & Kubernetes

An open platform to connect, manage, and secure microservices.Istio is an open platform for providing a uniform way to integrate microservices, manage traffic flow across microservices, enforce policies and aggregate telemetry data. Istio's control plane provides an abstraction layer over the underlying cluster management platform, such as Kubernetes, Mesos, etc.

An open platform to connect, manage, and secure microservices. Istio is an open platform for providing a uniform way to integrate microservices, manage traffic flow across microservices, enforce policies and aggregate telemetry data. Istio's control plane provides an abstraction layer over the underlying cluster management platform, such as Kubernetes, Mesos, etc.

Istio - An open platform to connect, manage, and secure microservices

Jib builds optimized Docker and OCI images for your Java applications without a Docker daemon - and without deep mastery of Docker best-practices. It is available as plugins for Maven and Gradle and as a Java library. Jib separates your application into multiple layers, splitting dependencies from classes. Now you don’t have to wait for Docker to rebuild your entire Java application - just deploy the layers that changed. 
 
Rebuilding your container image with the same contents always generates the same image. Never trigger an unnecessary update again. Reduce your CLI dependencies. Build your Docker image from within Maven or Gradle and push to any registry of your choice. No more writing Dockerfiles and calling docker build/push.

Jib builds optimized Docker and OCI images for your Java applications without a Docker daemon - and without deep mastery of Docker best-practices. It is available as plugins for Maven and Gradle and as a Java library.

jib - Build container images for your Java applications.

Skaffold is a command line tool that facilitates continuous development for Kubernetes applications. You can iterate on your application source code locally then deploy to local or remote Kubernetes clusters. Skaffold handles the workflow for building, pushing and deploying your application. It also provides building blocks and describe customizations for a CI/CD pipeline.
 
Skaffold is client-side only. With no on-cluster component, there is no overhead or maintenance burden to your cluster. Skaffold has many essential features for Kubernetes-native development, including policy-based image tagging, resource port-forwarding and logging, file syncing, and much more.

Skaffold is a command line tool that facilitates continuous development for Kubernetes applications. You can iterate on your application source code locally then deploy to local or remote Kubernetes clusters. Skaffold handles the workflow for building, pushing and deploying your application. It also provides building blocks and describe customizations for a CI/CD pipeline.

Skaffold - Local Kubernetes Development

Rook is an open source cloud-native storage orchestrator for Kubernetes, providing the platform, framework, and support for a diverse set of storage solutions to natively integrate with cloud-native environments. Rook turns storage software into self-managing, self-scaling, and self-healing storage services. It does this by automating deployment, bootstrapping, configuration, provisioning, scaling, upgrading, migration, disaster recovery, monitoring, and resource management. Rook uses the facilities provided by the underlying cloud-native container management, scheduling and orchestration platform to perform its duties.

Rook is an open source cloud-native storage orchestrator for Kubernetes, providing the platform, framework, and support for a diverse set of storage solutions to natively integrate with cloud-native environments. 

Rook - Storage Orchestration for Kubernetes

tsuru is an extensible and open source Platform as a Service (PaaS) that makes application deployments faster and easier. tsuru is an open source polyglot cloud application platform (PaaS). With tsuru, you don’t need to think about servers at all. It keeps your apps running by rebalancing resources and recovering failed units and nodes automatically. It helps to grow your application dynamically allocating resources with ease. It is integrated with EC2, Apache Cloudstack which allows auto provisioning simple, painless and fast. 
 
As an application developer: 
<ul>
<li>Write apps in the programming language of your choice</li>
<li>Back apps with add-on resources such as SQL and NoSQL databases, including memcached, redis, and many
others.</li>
<li>Manage apps using the <code>tsuru</code> command-line tool</li>
<li>Deploy apps using the Git revision control system</li>
</ul>

tsuru is an extensible and open source Platform as a Service (PaaS) that makes application deployments faster and easier. tsuru is an open source polyglot cloud application platform (PaaS). With tsuru, you don’t need to think about servers at all. It keeps your apps running by rebalancing resources and recovering failed units and nodes automatically. It helps to grow your application dynamically allocating resources with ease. It is integrated with EC2, Apache Cloudstack which allows auto provisioning simple, painless and fast. 

tsuru - Open source, extensible and Docker-based Platform as a Service (PaaS).

Rancher is an open source project that provides a complete platform for operating Docker in production. It provides infrastructure services such as multi-host networking, global and local load balancing, and volume snapshots. It integrates native Docker management capabilities such as Docker Machine and Docker Swarm. It offers a rich user experience that enables devops admins to operate Docker in production at large scale.
 
Rancher is deployed as a set of Docker containers. Running Rancher is as simple as launching two containers. One container as the management server and another container on a node as an agent.

Rancher is an open source project that provides a complete platform for operating Docker in production. It provides infrastructure services such as multi-host networking, global and local load balancing, and volume snapshots. It integrates native Docker management capabilities such as Docker Machine and Docker Swarm. It offers a rich user experience that enables devops admins to operate Docker in production at large scale. 

Rancher - Complete container management platform

Nuclio is a high-performance "serverless" framework focused on data, I/O, and compute intensive workloads. It is well integrated with popular data science tools, such as Jupyter and Kubeflow; supports a variety of data and streaming sources; and supports execution over CPUs and GPUs. The Nuclio project began in 2017 and is constantly and rapidly evolving; many start-ups and enterprises are now using Nuclio in production.
 
Nuclio is extremely fast: a single function instance can process hundreds of thousands of HTTP requests or data records per second. This is 10-100 times faster than some other frameworks.

Nuclio is a high-performance "serverless" framework focused on data, I/O, and compute intensive workloads. It is well integrated with popular data science tools, such as Jupyter and Kubeflow; supports a variety of data and streaming sources; and supports execution over CPUs and GPUs. The Nuclio project began in 2017 and is constantly and rapidly evolving; many start-ups and enterprises are now using Nuclio in production.

Nuclio - High-Performance Serverless event and data processing platform

Telepresence substitutes a two-way network proxy for your normal pod running in the Kubernetes cluster. This pod proxies data from your Kubernetes environment (e.g., TCP connections, environment variables, volumes) to the local process. The local process has its networking transparently overridden so that DNS calls and TCP connections are routed through the proxy to the remote Kubernetes cluster. 
Telepresence, in conjunction with a containerized development environment, gives the developer a fast development workflow in developing a multi-container application on Kubernetes. Telepresence lets you run a Docker container locally, while proxying it to your Kubernetes cluster.

Telepresence substitutes a two-way network proxy for your normal pod running in the Kubernetes cluster. This pod proxies data from your Kubernetes environment (e.g., TCP connections, environment variables, volumes) to the local process. The local process has its networking transparently overridden so that DNS calls and TCP connections are routed through the proxy to the remote Kubernetes cluster.

Telepresence - Local development against a remote Kubernetes or OpenShift cluster

Docker is a mini-Heroku, the smallest PaaS implementation you've ever seen. Dokku helps you build and manage the lifecycle of applications.

Dokku - A docker-powered PaaS that helps you build and manage the lifecycle of applications

The Fn project is a container native serverless platform that you can run anywhere -- any cloud or on-premise. It’s easy to use, supports every programming language, and is extensible and performant. Fn packages your functions as containers and runs on any platform supporting Docker. Push your functions to a repository and deploy anywhere--your laptop or the cloud. 


Fn - The container native, cloud agnostic serverless platform.

Weave is a simple, portable and reliable way to network and manage containers and microservices. It provides a simple and resilient network for your application that is portable across data centers and public clouds. Weave Net creates a virtual network that connects Docker containers across multiple hosts and enables their automatic discovery. Applications use the network just as if the containers were all plugged into the same network switch, without having to configure port mappings, ambassadors or links.
 
Services provided by application containers on the Weave network can be exposed to the outside world, regardless of where they are running. Similarly, existing internal systems can be opened to accept connections from application containers irrespective of their location.

Weave is a simple, portable and reliable way to network and manage containers and microservices. It provides a simple and resilient network for your application that is portable across data centers and public clouds. Weave Net creates a virtual network that connects Docker containers across multiple hosts and enables their automatic discovery. 

Weave - Simple, Resilient Multi-host Docker Networking

OpenEBS is containerized block storage written in Go for cloud native and other environments w/ per container (or pod) QoS SLAs, tiering and replica policies across AZs and environments, and predictable and scalable performance.
 
OpenEBS allows you to treat your persistent workload containers, such as DBs on containers, just like other containers. OpenEBS itself is deployed as just another container on your host, and enables storage services that can be designated on a per pod, application, cluster or container level, including:
<ul>
<li>Data persistence across nodes, dramatically reducing time spent rebuilding Cassandra rings for example</li>
<li>Synchronization of data across availability zones and cloud providers</li>
<li>Use of commodity hardware plus a container engine to deliver seriously scale out block storage</li>
<li>Integration with orchestrators, so that developer and application intent flows into OpenEBS configurations automatically</li>
<li>Management of tiering to and from S3 and other targets</li>
<li>Plus we are bringing our experience from BSD based containerization and delivering QoS for customers from our CloudByte experience over to OpenEBS - expect to see more intelligence and manageability</li>
</ul>

OpenEBS is containerized block storage written in Go for cloud native and other environments w/ per container (or pod) QoS SLAs, tiering and replica policies across AZs and environments, and predictable and scalable performance. 


OpenEBS - Containerized Storage for Containers

Apache APISIX is a dynamic, real-time, high-performance API gateway. APISIX provides rich traffic management features such as load balancing, dynamic upstream, canary release, circuit breaking, authentication, observability, and more. You can use Apache APISIX to handle traditional north-south traffic, as well as east-west traffic between services. It can also be used as a k8s ingress controller.
 
You can use Apache APISIX as a traffic entrance to process all business data, including dynamic routing, dynamic upstream, dynamic certificates, A/B testing, canary release, blue-green deployment, limit rate, defense against malicious attacks, metrics, monitoring alarms, service observability, service governance, etc.

Apache APISIX is a dynamic, real-time, high-performance API gateway. APISIX provides rich traffic management features such as load balancing, dynamic upstream, canary release, circuit breaking, authentication, observability, and more. You can use Apache APISIX to handle traditional north-south traffic, as well as east-west traffic between services. It can also be used as a k8s ingress controller.

Apache APISIX - Dynamic, real-time, high-performance API gateway

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